(Slope) the change in elevation between the two points found on your topographic map divided by their horizontal distance. =marine dumping a temperature increase in a body of water that is caused by human activity and that has a harmful effect on water quality and on the ability of that body of water to support life, heterogeneous, near surface environment in which complex interactions involving rock, soil, water, air, and living organisms regulate the natural habitat and determine the availability of life-sustaining resources. The pressure in this zone is extreme and at depths of 13,100 feet (4,000 meters), reaches over 5850 pounds per square inch. dynamic planet science olympiad 2021 quizlet Menu social listening brandwatch. These springs slowly let water out through loose soil or rock and are often found in land depressions or low in valleys. These boundary currents are shallow and broad with boundaries that are not well defined. when high water rises above a river's banks and overspills them. Operates: In relatively shallow water on a cable or line triggered with a messenger These waves have a wavelength greater than 1.73cm. nick point basically this just refers to a steep and rapid change in gradient; this is usually marked by a waterfall. +precipitation Surface currents are powered by the sun and ______________. the maximum size of the pieces of sediment that a given body of water, ice, wind, etc. do the northern coasts of north america and siberia have small continental shelves? This type of tidal cycle is found commonly in the Gulf of Mexico. Also known as wave steepness. More precise sampling may be accomplished using a submersible with robotic arms or a remotely operated vehicle equipped with television so that the area where the rock was found can be described in detail. Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. For researchers especially interested in the seawater-seafloor interface, a gravity corer can return cores up to 20 feet (six meters) long with little core-top disturbance. Two very large parallel plates are maintained at uniform temperatures of T1=1100KT_1=1100 \mathrm{~K}T1=1100K and T2=700KT_2=700 \mathrm{~K}T2=700K and have emissivities of 1=2=0.5\varepsilon_1=\varepsilon_2=0.51=2=0.5, respectively. endobj small river or stream that flows in to a larger river or stream; a branch of the river, a land area that channels rainfall and snowmelt to creeks, streams, and rivers, and eventually to outflow points. The acoustic Doppler technique and acoustic backscattering also have potential for measuring the biomass of animals that reflect the sound signals. A high, often breaking wave generated by a tide crest that advances rapidly up an estuary or river. The temperature is constant at just above freezing. They show the shape of the land the mountains, valleys, and plains by means of brown contour lines, The concept that describes the hierarchy of stream types (see image). The southern boundary of the subtropical gyre is similarly associated with the maximum in the easterly winds. Where is a semidesert most likely to be found? ODD,FzSdFyJ]a )AE*p9Vg6)$?,rB#otQRQBvkltf `)M5! Dynamic Planet Think underground water storage (confined = impenetrable (low permeability) rock above them, unconfined = permeable solid layer above them, A body of distinctly less permeable material that is located above or below one or more aquifers. Acoustic systems also allow remote estimates of organism biomass, individual sizes, and numbers of animals present in the water column. Small sediment and pebbles=more capillarity. The Ekman spiral: Answer. Movement of saltwater into freshwater aquifers in coastal and inland areas as groundwater is discharged/withdrawn faster than it is recharged by processes like precipitation. What elements make up the structure of the ocean? 3 (POD), constant high temperatures, plenty of rain, continental tropical air, low precipitation, scarce vegetation, mild winters, cool summers, abundant precipitation. what is the deepest part of the ocean called? der Kurfrstendamm. But moving near to the polls the region of rain decreases and with less rain and more sunshine, evaporation increases. brightening of the night sky caused by street lights and other man-made sources, which has a disruptive effect on natural cycles and inhibits the observation of stars and planets. However, the connection between the atmosphere and ocean (atmospheric circulations and wind driving ocean surface currents) is one key thing (see explanation above). +The greater the number, the more tortuous (strongly meandering) the path the river takes. a delta in an area with strong tides that redistribute accumulating sediments. The sea surface temperature also "follows the sun." NNw3v"wWQsdgJNqJ 4y $,>=kzGj0,Qa*rQag#? der Tiergarten. The concentration of salt in seawater is about 35 parts per thousand. RiverWalker88's Practice Test Test; Dynamic Planet | Science Olympiad Greek astronomer and navigator who first wrote about the connection between moon and the height of the tide. The Science Olympiad Foundation conducts the science Olympiad exam. Determine the number of protons and neutrons in Mg-26. Write the formula for the following ionic compound: iron sulfide (containing the %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C Reflection occurs with little loss of energy. These boundary currents are narrow and deep and have sharp boundaries. A delta where wave action has the strongest control on its outline. A single wave crest much higher than usual caused by constructive interference. 42 0 obj small free-floating animals that form part of plankton that feed on marine algae. 136 0 obj stream *GHQumI ( p:7+ iO)8A2I7 Z! Cycle A passes Cycle B. In addition, receipt of satellite data useful for directing experiments at sea allows oceanographers to make efficient use of precious ship time. when the amount of sediment becomes greater than the carrying capacity of the force that is moving it; sediment from eroded materials settles. FRv8lcbNj#f?2_b #R#HUur$,mJ Seafloor rocks can be gathered by towing a dredge consisting of a steel box and chain bag. This happens through adhesion and cohesion A wave of moving energy in which the wave form moves in one direction along the surface of the transmission medium. Those nutrients nourish phytoplankton and ultimately animals like killer whales that are farther up the food chain. From https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/SeaIce: Sea ice also plays a fundamental role in polar ecosystems. Sensors being designed or upgraded for use either on research vessels or buoys include those to measure surface temperature, air temperature, wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, solar and long- wave radiation, humidity, and precipitation. Currents meters, which may employ rotors, electric fields, acoustic/electromagnetic techniques, or acoustic Doppler profiling to track water motion, are often deployed on moorings. A phenomenon in which Earth's plates split apart causing more rock to erupt to the ocean floor. Topographic Features of Continental Margins. Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations. The weight of the water overhead in the Mariana trench is over 8 tons per square inch. Near the equator, the tropics receive lots of rain constantly, which helps decrease the salinity of the surface water in that region. american history final past test questions. On average, there is a distinct decrease of _______ near the equator at both poles, although for different reasons. The GMOA Notes also apply to most Dynamic Planet topics. Other uses of sound capitalize on the fact that low-frequency sound can be recorded after travelling great distances in water. :.)=@y o'F@ Tests - Scioly.org dynamic planet science olympiad 2021 quizlet For example, are the gyres in the Atlantic and Pacific different types of ovals? The southern boundary of the subtropical gyre is similarly associated with the maximum in the easterly winds. Subjects . H95\Y}K$8@ ~jJ|@!B1Yv#SgitqY.u}K#(AF &*R0OjThC From 3,300 ft. (1,000 meters) to 13,100 ft. (4,000 meters) due to its constant darkness, this zone is also called the midnight zone. A very early, simple satellite consisted of an inflated spherical aluminum balloon 30 m in diameter and of mass 20 kg. Is whale communication impacted by changes in ocean properties? Animals that live at the bottom of a body of water. A "no-tide" point in an ocean caused by basin resonances, friction, and other factors around which tide crests rotate. Currents flowing on surface in opposite direction to main currents. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. A sudden, violent flood that occurs within a few hours, or even minutes, of a storm. "h5'*i# N~E}hP 7KEQ ?UEGg*+&76~UR~59T\ While not exactly "seagoing" instruments, Earth-orbiting satellites play an important role in modern oceanography. 2021 BirdSO MiniSO Invitational B/C (2020-21 season) 2021 UMichigan MiniSO Invitational B/C (2020-21 season) 2021 UT Austin MiniSO Regional B/C . = void volume/total volume. Extending from 660 feet (200 meters) to 3300 feet (1,000 meters). l*IPQtw%0IPq:@ G>olu. Regarding animal communication, the answer may be yes as well, but I havent done a ton of digging into it yet, so Im not totally sure about details. The layers range from several millimetres to many metres in thickness and vary greatly in shape. what is the density of seawater at 4 degrees Celsius? Dynamic Planet is an event concerned with the processes which change the Earth. enables scientists to investigate the dynamic processes in the deep interior of Earth. Type of pollution characterized by unwanted or potentially damaging sound. Dynamic Planet Science Olympiad 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ocean basins, Sediment, Oceanic heat budget and more. Countercurrents beneath surface currents. endobj The depth and strength of the _____________ varies from season to season and year to year, it is strongest in the tropics and decreases to nonexistence in the polar winter season. b. When ice freezes, the underlying water gets saltier and sinks, mixing the water column and bringing nutrients to the surface. a river or stream that flows into the lake, precipitation that falls into a lake, or groundwater recharge of a lake. a habitat where freshwater meets saltwater. Seawater becomes more and more dense as it becomes colder, right down to it's freezing point. It's the pitch black bottom layer of the ocean, the name abyss comes from the Greek word meaning "no bottom" because they thought the ocean was bottomless. +Reservoirs behind dams trap sediment which deprives downstream rivers of sediment which is an important part of the ecosystem GT+&()\6-MEQYe5nFx Dynamic Planet | NC Science Olympiad das Pergamonmuseum. Microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic plant organisms that function as producers in aquatic ecosystems, An organism that gets its food from light, An organism that feeds on dying organisms, a moving ridge on the surface of the water. Depth, ecosystem (plant life), sediment type, outflow source/s, inflow source/s, Importance chemicals to lake life: nitrogen and phosphorus a spring whose water flows from a crack in the cap rock over the aquifer. ..spread non-biodegradable materials and air pollutants around the world. Sediment sampling devices include a box corer that drops into the mud and brings back a block of near-surface sediment. An underwater moutain chain where new ocean floor is formed. Here is another useful resource: https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/physical-ocean/currents, https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts-education-resources/ocean-currents. The part of the coast below the low water line, which is constantly submerged a cascade of water falling from a height, formed when a river or stream flows over a precipice or steep incline. New methods for this kind of sampling are being developed in order to reduce station time. This information is important for understanding how water tracers and pollutants are transported by the ocean. (b can carry/transport. In this event, students will use process skills to complete tasks related to Earths fresh waters. The sea surface temperature ranges from as high as 97F (36C) in the Persian Gulf, to 28F (-2C) near the north pole. basically this just refers to a steep and rapid change in gradient; this is usually marked by a waterfall. Notes: Any type of bottle can be used to capture surface water, Samples: Bottom sediments (mud or sand) There are five of these boundary currents. Middle School (Division B) | NC Science Olympiad << /Linearized 1 /L 392755 /H [ 859 222 ] /O 41 /E 78972 /N 11 /T 392264 >> It is desired to reduce the net rate of radiation heat transfer between the two plates to one-fifth by placing thin aluminum sheets with an emissivity of 0.10.10.1 on both sides between the plates. physically deposited particles derived from weathered rocks, streams move sediments acquired from mass wasting, overland flow, and groundwater. Expressed as a ratio of salt (in grams) to L of water. The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused by wind. 38 0 obj Circular flow pattern of water caused by deflection of water by continents and the ocean basin. y Qu dice el, Vocabulary Lesson 9: Hopes and Wishes, Lesson, Lecture 19 - Introduction to google earth eng, ISZL IBGEO 2022 Freshwater Vocab and Features, 2019 Released EOC Practice Test-Biology NC, Science Olympiad - Division C - Forensics: Po, Science Olympiad Environmental Chemistry Glos, Christy C. Hayhoe, Doug Hayhoe, Jeff Major, Maurice DiGiuseppe, Prentice Hall Brief Review: The Living Environment 2019, Production and Management Exam 3-- Ch. a condition in which untreated sewage is discharged from a sanitary sewer into the environment prior to reaching sewage treatment facilities. Chambers are then inserted into the sediment and sealed to isolate portions of the bottom from surrounding seawater. As the preset series of experiments on the seawater/sediment surface boundary begin, the lander confirms its activity to the ship, which then steams away to return several weeks later for recovery of the lander. +Because dams are built to store water, they also store the sediment that all rivers carry. = average water velocity * volume of pre-determined crosss-section Fe2+^{2+}2+ ion). Waves with ___________ wavelengths move the fastest. relias learning exam answers quizlet; havanna ginger black dick; id security online. endstream What is the magnitude of the gravitational force on the meteor from the satellite at the closest approach? There is a nick point here. For many years, current meters have been attached to moorings as described above, left for a time to collect data, and then retrieved. the movement of water through the biosphere, Release of harmful materials into the environment, the contamination of the atmosphere by the introduction of pollutants from human and natural sources, the addition of any substance that has a negative effect on water or the living things that depend on the water, The contamination of land by both solid and hazardous waste, pollutants being added to soil by agricultural runoffs, unclean technology, waste disposal. In 1934, Edward A. Doisy of Washington University extracted 3000 lb of hog ovaries to isolate a few milligrams of pure estradiol, a potent female hormone. =DPP$UqE W:"hE t(j'h &h &8 T ` %PDF-1.5 Multibeam bathymetric systems available on some of the larger UNOLS vessels generally consist of two instrument arrays attached to the ship's hull. The reflection of progressive waves by a vertical barrier. Hall, William C. Rose. is not used up because it does not participate in the ?I8EP An ROV can explore, take photographs, collect samples, or handle instruments, operating around the clock for many consecutive days. 2021 Test Exchange - Wiki! - Scioly.org A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. +This spring occurs in underground cave systems, which resemble underground highways or tubes surface salinity of seawater is ______ (above or below) average where precipitation is high and many rivers flow into the ocean, surface salinity of seawater is going to be ______(above or below) average in desert areas where evaporation rates are high, In polar areas during the winter, the salinity of water under the sea ice_________, as pure water cools from 20 degrees C to 4 degrees C, its densitiy, A zone with a rapid change in temperature with depth, true or false: water temperature from 300 meters deep to the ocean bottom is relatively uniform, When you pour cold water down the side of a glass of warm water, the cold water will, When you add salt to water, its boiling point_____ and its freezing point_____, when surface currents converge, the area where the water sinks is called a_____, type of current where waves strike the shore at a slight angle (runs roughly parallel to the shoreline), the swimmer would be carried out to sea, away from the shore. =acid rain what tide is when there is a high water-low water sequence that is repeated twice in one day? In general this means that the boundary between the subtropical and subpolar gyres lies along the maximum of the westerly wind jet. +change in x over change in y but in topo map terms, The lowest level to which a stream can erode or running water can flow (the part of the slide where a kid starts to slow down - the flattened bottom), the flat, wide area of land along a river; an area that is subject to natural flooding from an adjoining waterway, cut bank, point bar, oxbow lake, natural levee, & backswamp (see images). The temperature never fluctuates far from a chilling 39F (4C). the area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. One such lander is released from the research vessel at the sea surface. vtuber dox site. Dynamic planet science olympiad - cfec.seticonoscotimangio.it surface ocean circulation is modified by what? Waves with a tiny wavelength less than 1.73cm. These waves move through water greater than 1/2 their wavelength. . Operates: At any depth on a cable or line by free fall (no messenger needed) One of the major parts in Earth's outer crust layer. +pH Particles in the water samples may be quantified with a transmissometer sent down the wire or attached to a CTD/rosette. Uninterupted distance over which the wind blows without significant change in direction. 134 0 obj A breaking wave whose crest slides down the face of the wave. Notes: Is made of brass and will bend if used to sample a rocky bottom, Samples: Rocky bottoms Dynamic Planet Division: B - Middle School NC Essential Standards Alignment: 8.E.1 Event Rules: None Event Score Sheet: None National Event Page: Here Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental shelf. +By trapping sediment in reservoirs, dams interrupt the continuity of sediment transport through rivers, resulting in loss of reservoir storage and reduced usable life, and depriving downstream reaches of sediments essential for channel form and aquatic habitats. A channel that is divided into smaller channels by temporary islands called eyots. In the North Atlantic, this runs somewhat southwest to northeast, while in the North Pacific it runs much more east-west. A gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a continent. They link eastern and western boundary currents. A standard rosette/CTD cast, depending on water depth, requires two to five hours of station time. a wave in which water oscillates without causing progressive wave forward movement. is the difference in height between successive high and low tides. In addition to the resources on theEvent Supervisors page, Dynamic Planet Event Supervisors should be sure to use the following resources: 1999-2022 Science Olympiad Inc., a 501(c)(3) non-profit One array transmits a succession of sonic pulses in a 60 , 90, or 120 swath. You can expect the highest spring tide when sun, moon, and Earth is in____? Miniaturization in electronics now allows scientists to put computers of increasing sophistication in pressure cases and send them down several thousand meters to control a variety of instruments. Salt in the ocean comes from rocks on land. Bigger rocks=less capillarity Most ions are used by organisms and remove from the water, others are not used and are left for a long time where their concentration increases over time. #G@P Science Olympiad Questions & Sample Papers Other combinations of these techniques are under development. (see image), Layers below the zone of aeration; the soil or rock located below the top of the groundwater table. Numeric and graphic displays of data in the ship's laboratory provide maps of the seafloor topography. ubsurface moorings are also used to suspend settling plates above the deep-sea floor to collect larval forms of benthic animals. Another is the expendable BathyThermograph (XBT), a temperature probe released on a weighted copper wire that unreels to record temperature and depth while the ship is underway. the circular motion of water molecules extends to a depth that is equal to___? stream In these boundary currents, the flow is from East to West or West to East. Science Olympiad Questions for Class 1 Science Olympiad exam is taken on an International level that help the young students to develop their mind. Acoustic tomography employs the effect of temperature on the speed of sound in seawater (sound travels faster in warmer water) to record temperature profiles over long ocean transects. Precise modern navigation allows ship motion to be subtracted from the data. Two-way communication via satellite allows control of remote instruments. . This event is typically run as either a station event or a sit down test. -HRAC}HL_()O:)lW*18ORzw*BXt$O6H_g:6#MHA?j) l}U@7p>j Kd0}mkT*wv4#(t3DF (P40iDQ (b( 1C;PTB These tides occur when the earth, moon and sun are in a straight line. Dynamic Planet Topics - Wiki! - Scioly.org =wind The restoring force is gravity and momentum. Dynamic Planet Science Olympiad 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet A breaking wave in which the upper section topples forward and away from the bottom, forming an air-filled tube. Dynamic Planet Electric Vehicle ** Experimental Design* Fast Facts * Flight Forestry Green Generation Meteorology * Mission Possible ** Road Scholar* Rocks & Minerals Roller Coaster Solar Power ** Solar System Sounds of Music* Storm the Castle Sunny Day Flooding ** Wheeled Vehicle Write It, Do It +Commonly associated with limestone, streams that terminate abruptly by seeping into the ground, a deep, hollowed-out area under the earth's surface. As scientists try to understand movement of materials through the oceanic system, they moor sediment traps at various depths for many months to collect samples of particles sinking through the water column. water that contains very low amounts of salts, such as rivers and lakes, show elevation of land with shape and spacing of contour lines; closer lines mean steeper slopes; flat places have widely spaced lines; series of increasingly smaller closed loops indicates hill or mountain, a measure of the relative size of streams. Deep ocean currents may be caused by ___, ___, ___? Blended Finance. -from cars *ZTQ!%*e,w8z2yACs[N#t}NZt>?.9,$#_5c They provide data from both descent and ascent. +soil composition, Any ground that remains completely frozen for extended periods of time (multiple years). +this calculates the curvature of the body. =sedimentation Ship-wire-deployed and free-drifting water sampling and incubation instruments measure plant nutrient uptake, bacterial incorporation of dissolved organics, and plankton feeding rates. xc```b``f`a``eeb0$uAl+U)=7 -R``F1 -velocity = distance traveled / time, = water depth * velocity * width Notes: Extremely heavy and can take a sample of the hardest rocky ocean bottoms (like granite and marble), Samples: Bottom sediments (mud or sand) Sometimes called the abyssal zone, it extends from 13,100 feet (4,000 meters) to 19,700 ft. (6,000 meters). (b) The molecular weight of estradiol was later determined to be 272. From these measurements, accurate estimates of air-sea fluxes can be made. valley-like depressions formed by a linear series of sinkholes or collapse of the roof of a linear cave. Gyres in balance between gravity and the Coriolis Effect. A. Freshwater in the form of vapor moves from the ocean to the atmosphere through evaporation causing the higher salinity. Dynamic Planet Cheat Sheet (Plate Tectonics).pdf - a. Check out, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sofar.html, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2020 Rules), 2020 Science Olympiad: Dynamic Planet NOAA, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2018 Rules), Dynamic Planet Great Climateand GlacierGraphsand Maps, Investigating Plate Tectonics with Google Earth, The Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resources, Oceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science. The length of time the wind blows, the fetch and this are three factors that affect wind wave development. dynamic planet science olympiad 2021 quizlet can carry/transport. +ecosystem The rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air, this causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic due to carbonic acid (which forms from carbon dioxide and water) as rain erodes rock, acids in rain water break down rock, this process creates ions, or electrically charged atomic particals. 137 0 obj In the North Atlantic, this runs somewhat southwest to northeast, while in the North Pacific it runs much more east-west. the slope of the water table; the driving force that causes groundwater to move in the direction of maximum decreasing total head. +dad aerates this layer every fall At the instrument's maximum depth of 1,000 to 6,500 feet (300 to 2,000 meters), the wire breaks. The sensor package includes the capability to telemeter some data on a regular basis via satellite to a central data facility. A body of water that is surrounded by land it can be fresh water or salt water. Continental Crust, continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, ocean floor, and oceanic crust. :pX9-; IYl4!jHQNsTRo%VrnLiK5a?67TNXJ\p'q qjfK56_2]8}dL3p`d8T(o5X:o;;)GdC@=e!/, -+?nj?tRcy{;t-S*4dNTjQOSNV%gjyfU? Nearly friction free transfer of energy from molecule to molecule in a circular path. At the base of this mixing layer is the beginning of the thermocline. Predetermined questions will be used as tiebreakers. +A spring where groundwater seeps out at the surface. The key answer is that the shape of the gyre is determined by whether the winds torque the water in a clockwise or in a counterclockwise direction. the earth magnetic polarity sometimes______, the process by which collision of the earth's crustal plates results in one plate's being drawn down or overridden by another, localized along the juncture of two plates, two tectonic plates moving towards each other, two tectonic plates sliding past one another. what common life of the estuary attaches to rocks? a time of no current, occurs at high and low tides when current change direction, water rushing into an enclosed area because of the rise in sea level as a tide crest approaches. Their use for relaying data from instruments at sea to ship or shore is expected to increase with time. These robots, used for many years for simple oceanographic tasks, are increasingly sophisticated. PDF mtlin11's and kman1234t's Dynamic Planet Test - scioly.org % Other floats drift for two months, surface to transmit data to a satellite, and descend again for another two months of data collection. Sound is also used for geophysical exploration of the seafloor and the layers beneath it. is a hydroacoustic current meter similar to a sonar, used to measure water current velocities over a depth range using the Doppler effect of sound waves scattered back from particles within the water column. Dynamic Planet Freshwater - Science Olympiad 2021-2022 Flashcards - Quizlet 715 Barbour Dr Science Olympiad - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration An area of waterlogged soil that tends to be peaty; fed mainly by upwelling water; low productivity.