In fact, when we were filing this paper's 'Bush Telegraph' column from safari camps all over . Amlcar Barca [1] (ca. Miles, Richard, Carthage Must be Destroyed, p. 198. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/Hamilcar_Barca/. According . Carthaginian leadership requested terms to the victorious Roman commander, Gaius Lutatius Catulus and authorised Hamilcar Barca to open negotiations, probably to avoid the responsibility of the defeat. Hasdrubal defeated the rebels, killing 8,000 and taking 2,000 prisoners before returning to Iberia. Hannibal whose full name is Chenu Bechola Barca was an intelligent warrior of Carthaginian . He kept his army intact and led a successful guerrilla war against the Romans in Sicily. The initial conditions laid out by Lutatius to Gisco were:[40], Hamilcar Barca refused the demand to surrender Roman deserters or disarm Carthaginian soldiers, despite being threatened by Lutatius to have the Punic army pass under the yoke. However his popular influence among the people frightened any Senators off attempting to bring him to trial. According to Appian, Hamilcar was thrown from his horse and drowned in a river,[116] but Polybius says he fell in battle in an unknown corner of Iberia against an unnamed tribe. Nothing is known of Hamilcar before he was given command of the Carthaginian forces in Sicily in 247 during the First Punic War. [17] During one of the raids, when troops under a subordinate commander named Bodostor engaged in plunder against the orders of Hamilcar and suffered severe casualties when the Romans caught up to them, Hamilcar requested a truce to bury his dead. The end finally came on 10th March 241 BCE when the Romans defeated a Carthaginian fleet led by Hanno sent to relieve the besieged city of Drepana off the Aegates Islands (Isole Egadi). Hamilcar's other two sons were Hasdrubal Barca and Hasdrubal Gisco, both of whom commanded during the Second Punic War. He was assigned the command in Sicily in 247 in the First Punic War (see Punic Wars). Corn Fleuron T083009-22.png 1,086 649; 65 KB. When his army marched toward the city of Rome, he was unable to conquer the city because his army lacked the siege equipment and reinforcement necessary to take it. [25] On his return he seized a strong position on Mount Ercte (Monte Pellegrino, just north of Palermo or Mt. Omissions? Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Meanwhile, Mathos had defeated a Carthaginian army, and he dealt the same treatment to the captured Carthaginian general. 285-c. 229 B.C.) Hamilcar had been undefeated and was forced to make peace. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (Punic: , omilqart Baraq; c.275228BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. The Carthaginian state was led by the landed aristocracy at the time, and they preferred to expand across northern Africa instead of pursuing an aggressive policy in Sicily. During the Second Punic War, Hannibal inflicted crushing defeats on Roman armies, particularly in the battle of Cannae where 70,000 Romans died following the engagement. According to Cornelius Nepot, "he provided the whole of Africa with horses, weapons, and money". [53] Hanno posted his army near Hippo Acra, where Matho's army was besieging the town. Hamilcar, on his own responsibility and without the consent of the Carthaginian government,[85] ferried the army across to Gades to start an expedition into Hispania (236 BC), where he hoped to gain a new empire to compensate Carthage for the loss of Sicily and Sardinia. Amazons Who Were the Ancient Female Warriors? ; Carthaginian general; commanded Carthage's forces in Sicily (247-241) during the First Punic War against Rome; traveled to Spain (237) to rebuild Carthaginian influences there; drowned during the withdrawal from the siege of Helice in 229) [33] Hamilcar managed to inflict severe casualties on the Romans soon after, and when the Roman consul requested a truce to bury his dead, Hamilcar replied that his quarrel was with the living only and the dead had already settled their dues, and granted the truce.[34]. Roman consul Fundanius (243/2 BC) arrogantly replied that Hamilcar should request a truce to save his living and denied the request. Punic survivors fled, and all their baggage was captured along with Hannibal and thirty Carthaginian senators. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Books [106] Hamilcar now had the means to pay for his mercenary army and also to ship silver ore to Carthage to help pay off the war indemnity. Hamlicar bristled at the terms of the treaty, which obligated Carthage to pay Rome a huge indemnity and to surrender all land in Sicily. Our Team Sign up for our free weekly email newsletter! However, if Hamilcar had hoped to recapture Panormus, he failed in his strategy. Hamilcar Barca (c. 285 - c. 228 av. 3rd-century BCE Carthaginian statesman and general, father of Hannibal, sfn error: no target: CITEREFScullard2006 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFBagnall1999 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFGoldsworthy2006 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRankov2015 (, Diodorus Siculus 24.10, Polybius 1.73.1, 1.72.3. J.-C.) tait un gnral carthaginois actif lors de la premire guerre punique (264-241 av. He was also father-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair. He fought a series of successful battles until he reached (but did not destroy) the city of Rome. [78] This event may have taken place as early as 241 BC or more likely in 237 BC. Since the coin was found near Lake Trasimene where Hannibal defeated the Romans, this fact offers good confirmation that coins image resembled Hannibals real ethnic appearance because one of way of celebrating a victory in ancient warfare was to have a coin minted in your honor and showing yourself as your enemys deity. Hamilcar ( Punic: , MLK) [1] was a general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. Furthermore, Hamilcar allied with Hasdrubal the Fair,[80] his future son in law, to restrict the power of the aristocracy, which was led by Hanno the Great,[81] as well as gain immunity from prosecution. America's Black dilemma [Barca, Hamilcar] on Amazon.com. d. 229 or 228 BC, Carthaginian general. Hamilcar was a common Punic name; in fact, another general of the same name preceded him in command. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas ( c. 275-228 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. Their choice to minimize the Sicilian operations while Hamilcar was in command, reduce the navy and support Hanno the Great's conquests in Africa, all of which were causes for the ultimate defeat of Carthage in the First Punic War. Then the enterprising Hamilcar Barca came to the fore. In 219 B.C., Hannibal led a . He then quashed a rebellion closer to home between 241 and 237 BCE before returning abroad, where he successfully expanded Carthaginian interests in southern Spain. Commercial Artist, Barber, Sign Language Interpreter, Blind Mobility Aide. Hamilcar retired to Carthage after the peace treaty in 241BC, following the defeat of Carthage. Sicily. See also Hamilcar Barca on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica disclaimer . In various forms, the name . They managed to take over all Punic territories in Sardinia. The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. His second was to implement his strategy for preparing Carthage for any future conflict with Rome,[82] or enable Carthage to defend itself against any aggression.[83]. Hamilcar Barca, Barca also spelled Barcas, (died winter 229/228 bce), general who assumed command of the Carthaginian forces in Sicily during the last years of the First Punic War with Rome (264241 bce). Hamilcar Barca / ( hmlk bk, hmlk) / noun died ?228 bc, Carthaginian general; father of Hannibal. Hamilcar Barca. These were taken to Tunis, the rebel capital, and crucified in full sight of Mathos' army. Mark is a full-time author, researcher, historian, and editor. Monolito Amilcar Elche Sierra.jpg 640 480; 43 KB. The Punic Wars were a series of conflicts fought between Carthage Hannibal (also known as Hannibal Barca, l. 247-183 BCE) was a Carthaginian Carthaginian warfare has been overshadowed by defeat to Rome in Punic Wars by Bagnall, Nigel [Hardcover ], Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. By this time he had three daughters, and his son Hannibal was born during the same year. Hamilcar offered the prisoners a choice to join his army, or leave Africa with the condition never to take up arms against Carthage. This is the second and most important cause of the. The Carthaginian's, in any case, continued campaigning in Spain. The subsequent Mercenary War showed that Carthage was capable of further military effort. His grandson, Hanno, was an important commander in the army of his son Hannibal. Hamilcar is a gladiator who fights for the ludus of Batiatus. It is also possible that he had hoped to establish a future war chest with Spanish silver. As the cavalry and then the elephants came closer to the infantry Hamilcar ordered each in turn to also wheel about to face the rebels. Carthage would pay 2,200 silver talents in 10 year installments, and 1,000 talents immediately; a total of 3,200 talents as war reparations. "Death Date: 229. Entrusted with naval operations, he immediately set out to attack and ravage the coastline of Lucania and Bruttium. The last condition is mentioned by Polybius in place of the one regarding not making war on Syracuse. It is possible that Hamilcar Barca secured the last clause after the initial conditions, which were more favorable to Carthage, was altered by Rome with a harsher one. Carthaginians celebrated Hannibals crossing of the Alps with coins that depicted his face on one side and an elephant on the other. i. p. 391; Auson. However, Hamilcar retired to Africa after the peace treaty in 241 BC, following the defeat of Carthage. Discover Hamilcar Barca: The Life and Legacy of the Legendary Carthaginian General by Charles River Editors and millions of other books available at Barnes & Noble. Hannibal Barca was born in Carthage (present-day Tunisia) in approximately 247 B.C. Hamilcar Barca was a daring, intelligent young man. Hamilcar died in battle, most likely drowning in the Jucar River while besieging a place called Helice and trying to escape from a Celtiberian army. Hannibal Barca was a renowned general and statesman. Hamilcar Barca 275-228 BC In respect of individual courage the Romans were far superior, but the general who must be acknowledged as the greatest on either side, both in daring and in genius, was Hamilcar, surnamed Barca. 270 a.C. - 228 a.C.) foi um estadista e general cartagins responsvel pela conquista da Hispnia por Cartago. He was the son of Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca (Barca meaning "thunderbolt"). He kept his army intact and led a successful guerrilla war against the Romans in Sicily. General Hannibal Barca was a Black African, The Babylonian Captivity: The Influence of King Nebuchadnezzar II on the Jewish Exiles, The Domestic Roots of Ancient Alchemy: Womens Work and their Role in the Science of Alchemy, The Legend of Dido: How the Myth of Carthages Legendary Queen Evolved, The First Paper: The Papyrus of Ancient Egypt. The political clout of the incumbent leaders was probably weakened by the defeat in the First Punic War, their mismanagement of the Mercenary troops and finally the Sardinia Affair. He was the father of Hannibal Barca who continued his father's tactics and won major land battles in Italy during the Second Punic War. Until the rise to power of his son Hannibal, Hamilcar was the finest commander and statesman that Carthage had produced. He then left Ercte for Mount Eryx (modern Erice near Trapani), which he held until 241. Hamilcar Barca Conquers Iberia Hamilcar Barca had received much of the blame for causing the Truceless War, owing to the unrealistic promises he made to his troops while leading Carthaginian forces in Sicily. In the same year, both Hippacra and Utica joined the rebels. (The origins of Carthage go back to the city of Tabarka, present-day Tunisia). Newest results. Rome, which had dealt with Carthage with all due honor and courtesy during the crisis, going as far as to release all Punic prisoners without ransom and refuse to accept offers from Utica and Rebels mercenaries based in Sardinia to incorporate these territories into the Roman domain, seized Sardinia and Corsica and forced Carthage to pay 1,200 talents for her initial refusal to renounce her claim over the islands. Thus, in 241, the First Punic War drew to a close with the establishment of a new imperial power in the West. The war started to improve for Carthage when they were aided by Rome, who repatriated captured Carthaginian soldiers for free, and the tyrant of Syracuse Hiero, who feared that without Carthage then Rome might act at will in the central Mediterranean. While he may appear to be an old man, he is one of the most powerful of the Twelve Zoalords, the co-founder of Cronos and its leading scientist. After 15 years of fighting, there was still no end in sight to the Second Punic War. Hamilcar & the Barcid line would dominate the Carthaginian political & military arenas for the next 35 years. [15] Carthage did not take advantage of their naval supremacy and carry the war to Italy other than launching a few raids. World History Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Once more Hamilcar was asked to clear the mess. The milder terms Rome had given to Carthage in the aftermath of the First Punic War, and the friendly conduct of Rome during the mercenary war might have raised the possibility of a long period of peace between the two powers, but the seizure of Sardinia destroyed any real chance of peace among equals. [59], It is not exactly known how Hamilcar managed to outwit the rebels. The Encyclopedia of Military Biography; Trevor N. Dupuy and others; 1995. Eryx (Monte San Giuliano),[30] from which he was able to lend support to the besieged garrison in the neighbouring town of Drepanum (Trapani). From mountain bases near Palermo he made repeated raids on the Romans and relieved the Punic garrison in Lilybaeum. Hannibal was inclined to the god, Apollo. Hamilcar had three sons, Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago, who were all to have distinguished military careers. He made no attempt to join Hanno near Utica. 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